The Songs of Ascent reflect these key ideas:
- The pilgrimage and spiritual journey toward God, symbolized by ascending to Jerusalem and the temple, the dwelling place of God.
- Worship and praise to God, expressing joy, trust, and hope in His presence and protection.
- Communal unity and fellowship among the pilgrims singing and journeying together.
- Reliance on God's help, mercy, and blessing during life's challenges and in pursuit of faith.
- The journey of faith as a metaphor for the believer's spiritual pilgrimage toward God's eternal kingdom.
Each psalm begins with the title "A Song of Ascents" and offers encouragement, prayers, and reflections that relate to both the physical pilgrimage and the spiritual journey of faith. For example, Psalm 121 famously praises God for protection during the ascent, while Psalm 133 emphasizes brotherly unity.
There is a beautiful Hebrew song and melody composed to Psalm 133, one of the "Songs of Ascent," that speaks to brotherly unity. The song is called "Hinei Ma Tov." The songs repeats a lyric, in Hebrew of course, that translates:
"Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brothers (or siblings) to dwell together in unity!"
Here is a version of "Hinei Ma Tov” (הִנֵּה מַה טוֹב) song by a Jewish believer in Messiah at the Tower of David in Israel.
A Spiritual Soundtrack for a Journey of Faith
Originally tied to the Jewish pilgrimage feasts, these psalms today serve as a spiritual "soundtrack" for believers on their faith journey, reminding them that life with God is a pilgrimage toward ultimate union with Him.
Themes in a Sequential Journey:
1) Beginning in Distress: The sequence starts in Psalm 120 with lament and alienation, depicting a pilgrim far f³rom home and surrounded by hostility. This sets the stage for a journey of transformation and hope.
2) Seeking Help and Assurance: The next psalms (such as 121–123) reveal a move from anxiety and danger toward confidence in God’s help and an attitude of humble waiting for His mercy.
3) Communal and Spiritual Ascent: The psalms progress from personal distress to shared celebration and petition for Jerusalem’s peace and prosperity (Psalms 122, 125, 128). The focus broadens from individual to community, reflecting the collective experience of pilgrimage.
4) Restoration, Protection, and Blessing: Along the journey, the psalms touch on themes of deliverance, restoration, and the blessings received in the land, family, and worship (Psalms 126, 127, 128).
5) Enduring Affliction and Hope: The Songs of Ascent also acknowledge real affliction (Psalm 129), honest repentance and hope for redemption (Psalms 130, 131), and God’s covenant faithfulness (Psalm 132).
6) Reaching the Climax: This movement culminates in unity (Psalm 133) and worship at God’s house (Psalm 134)—the summit of the ascent where blessing overflows.
Spiritual Steps
Each individual psalm speaks to a step on a journey. Here is a breakdown with an explanation of each of the Songs of Ascent (Psalms 120-134):
Psalm 120: Expresses distress and hardship while living among hostile people and calls out to God for deliverance and peace.
Psalm 121: A confident song of trust in God's protection and help, lifting eyes to the mountains where help comes from the Lord.
Psalm 122: A joyful pilgrimage psalm expressing gladness at going to Jerusalem and praying for the peace and well-being of the city.
Psalm 123: A plea for God’s mercy and patience as the people wait humbly amid scorn and trials.
Psalm 124: A song of thanksgiving recognizing God's help in delivering Israel from deadly enemies and overwhelming danger.
Psalm 125: Affirms the security of those who trust in the Lord, comparing them to Mount Zion that cannot be shaken.
Psalm 126: Celebrates the joy of God’s restoration and deliverance after exile, like a dream come true or abundant harvest.
Psalm 127: Reminds that without the Lord’s blessing, all human effort is in vain; the Lord is the true builder and protector.
Psalm 128: Blesses those who fear the Lord, promising prosperity, fruitfulness, and peace for their families.
Psalm 129: A call for God’s judgment on the enemies who have long oppressed Israel but failed to overcome them.
Psalm 130: A heartfelt repentance psalm expressing hope and patience for God's forgiveness and redemption.
Psalm 131: Speaks of humility and quiet trust in the Lord like a child content in a mother's care.
Psalm 132: Calls God to remember His covenant with David and the promise of an eternal king from his line, longing for God's presence in Zion.
Psalm 133: Praises the unity and harmony of God’s people living together as a blessing from the Lord.
Psalm 134: A short call to bless and worship God in the temple, celebrating those who serve the Lord in His house.
For A Christian Spiritual Eye
As a Jew, Jesus would likely have sung these psalms as He ascended to Jerusalem for the feasts.
There is a meaningful connection between the pattern in the Songs of Ascent and the journey in the Christian Gospels. The deep longings expressed in each psalm contain messages in the Gospels: Crying out for deliverance (Psalm 120), trusting God's help (Psalm 121), hope for peace in Jerusalem (Psalm 122), and so on.
Here are a few examples:
- John 13:14 happens during the Last Supper, where Jesus washes His disciples' feet and commands them to serve one another in humility and love. This act redefines greatness and points to the servant leadership He exemplifies, which leads to His ultimate sacrifice on the cross.
- John 14:6 records Jesus declaring, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me." This builds on the idea of pilgrimage and ascent, presenting Jesus as the true path to God, fulfilling the spiritual longing and journey expressed in the Psalms of Ascent.
- The crucifixion is the climax of this journey—Jesus, the ultimate pilgrim and servant, ascends the hill of crucifixion (a difficult and sacrificial ascent) to bring redemption, fulfilling the hope and restoration themes in the songs.
The Psalms of Ascent poetically set the stage for Jesus' ministry and mission: the journey toward God that culminates in service (John 13:14) and the way to the Father (John 14:6), ultimately realized in the crucifixion. The songs embody the physical and spiritual pilgrimage Jesus fulfills and models through His life, teaching, and sacrifice.
Grace
In Jesus' time, strict Jewish customs governed meal blessings: before eating, a blessing was recited, often by the head of the household, thanking God for the food. Everyone would respond with "Amen," and the meal would then begin.
At the meal's end, a prayer of thanksgiving was also offered. This pattern of blessing before and after meals was a well-established ritual reflecting gratitude to God as provider.
In Jewish tradition, one of the Songs of Ascent, specifically Psalm 126, plays a significant role in the blessings after meals, known as Birkat HaMazon (Grace After Meals). Psalm 126 is often sung or recited before the formal blessing is said, especially on Shabbat and festivals. This psalm celebrates the restoration of Zion and conveys feelings of joy and gratitude for God’s provision and deliverance, making it a fitting prelude to a meal blessing.
The Birkat HaMazon itself is a gratitude prayer recited after eating a meal that includes bread. It is said in temples still after communal meals.
Birkat HaMazon thanks God for the food, sustenance, and the land, and prays for continued blessing, peace, and restoration. Incorporating the Songs of Ascent into this ritual highlights the spiritual journey from physical nourishment to remembering God’s faithfulness and the hope of redemption tied to Jerusalem.
Grace at the Last Supper
John 13 describes Jesus' Last Supper, held on the eve of the Passover festival, where Jesus follows this custom by blessing the bread before breaking and distributing it to His disciples. This act aligns with Jewish meal blessing practices but takes on profound new meaning as Jesus identifies the bread with His body given for others, symbolizing His impending crucifixion and sacrificial service.
Thus, the tradition of blessing before and after a meal in Jewish practice provides the ritual framework for the Last Supper scene in John 13. Jesus’ blessing is both a continuation of Jewish gratitude to God and a transformative moment pointing to the new covenant established through His death. The meal blessing ritual roots the Last Supper in Jewish tradition but also reveals its fulfillment and deeper significance in Jesus' mission and sacrifice
The Songs of Ascent connect the act of eating and blessing food to the broader spiritual pilgrimage of the Jewish people and their ongoing relationship with God, linking daily life with worship, gratitude, and the deep longing for restoration and peace.
Birkat HaMazon Prayer
The origin of Birkat Hamazon is rooted in the Torah’s command to bless God after eating. Traditionally, the first blessing, known as Birkat Hazan (Blessing of the Sustainer), is attributed to Moses when the manna fell in the desert. Moses composed a prayer praising God for providing sustenance to the Israelites during the Exodus.
The Birkat HaMazon (Grace After Meals) prayer is traditionally divided into four main blessings, thanking God for food, for the land of Israel, for Jerusalem, and for God's kindness.
Here is the opening part of Birkat HaMazon in English from the Ashkenazi tradition:
"Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe, who nourishes the entire world with Your goodness, grace, kindness, and mercy. You give food to all flesh, for Your kindness endures forever. Through Your great goodness, we have never lacked food; may we never lack it forever for Your great name's sake, since You sustain and nourish all living beings and do good to all, and prepare food for all Your creatures. Blessed are You, Lord, who gives food to all."
AMEN 🙏